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This document covers entering DFU mode.
A Mac enters DFU mode through physical methods.
The procedure differs depending on whether it is an Intel or M series Mac, and there are also methods that involve using hardware switches
DFU ERROR Troubleshooting
2006 : This issue occurs when an SSD adapter is installed only in the slave SSD slot of the Mac Studio and macOS is reinstalled.
For the Mac Studio, the procedure requires that the SSD adapter be installed in the master SSD slot
The following is content scraped from logi.wiki
1 - The trackpad is not connected (For successful firmware, the MacBook needs a connected working trackpad).
6 - Probably could not write BridgeOS into service partition. Most likely SSD failure. There might be one hot NAND. Common symptom - T2 does not turn on S5 rails at all. If you have it in revive mode, try restore (All data will be lost!).
Common symptom of Bad SSD volume is T2 tries SSD power resets every few seconds or up to 23 seconds.
9 - This error can have many causes, so quickly finding the cause of its occurrence is quite difficult. Here are some of the causes of this error:
BridgeOS partition not found (Use restore instead of revive, will format SSD), NANDs partition corrupted, NAND chips damaged or some similar. Malfunctions on the processor itself or power lines of the processor / RAM. Also if there is no processor on the motherboard. Flashing without a part of the cooling system (heat pipe) on macbooks with a large TDP. T2 / SEP ROM mismatch (Different T2 and SEP ROM should be restored, not revived) or SEP ROM was damaged and needs to be replaced. 10 - Bad cable / unstable connection.
21 - Resolved with SoC ROM replacement. On macbooks with an M1 processor, this error also means problems with NAND chips such as:
Failure of one or two NANDs. Mismatch between the NAND model and the reference designation on the board (When replacing memory chips, you no longer need to write anything to them using the programmer, just follow the model/place on the board). Attempting to restore from recovery after replacing NANDs (After replacing NANDs, it is possible to restore only from DFU). 35 - probably bad trace on one NAND, sysconfig block cofiguration ⇒ NAND mismatch.
56 - bad or cracked stockholm chip.
75 - T2 booted in recovery mode (Revive wont work).
3004 - Bad or no internet connection on the MacBook.
3501 - (0xDAD) - target Mac is not connected to power.
4005 - SSD not detected error.
4013 / 6 - errors indicate bad NAND Sysconfig or wrong position.
4014 - Unexpected reset. Might be caused by T2 RAM error, power rail failure or even a bad battery.
4045 / 4042 - Timeout error.
Bad SSD will also cause T2 to power cycle its power supply every 20 seconds. this wont give any 100% related to SSD error but it is fully reliable method to confirm bad SSD.
Macbook Intel Series into the DFU
Macbook M Series into the DFU
To enter DFU mode on a MacBook with an M series chip, please follow these steps:
1. Completely power off the MacBook. (Do not press the trackpad or keyboard.)
2. Press and hold the left Control key, the Option key, and the power button simultaneously for 10 seconds.
3. Release the Control and Option keys, then continue holding the power button for about 6–7 seconds. The MacBook will then enter DFU mode.
MacMini into the DFU
Mac Studio into the DFU
Mac Studio M1 Max : To enter DFU mode on a Mac Studio, connect a data-capable USB-C cable to the USB-C port closest to the Ethernet slot. While holding down the power button, plug in the power cable, and after about three seconds, the Mac Studio will enter DFU mode